O exercício torna-nos mais jovens ao nível celular (DNA, Telómeros)

DNA Aging: Exercise Makes You Younger at the Cellular Level | Time.com

Citando:
"The more exercise people get, the less their cells appear to age. In a new study in Preventive Medicine, people who exercised the most had biological aging markers that appeared nine years younger than those who were sedentary.

Researchers looked at the telomeres from nearly 6,000 adults enrolled in a multi-year survey run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. People were asked what physical activities they had done in the past month and how vigorously they did them. They also provided DNA samples, from which the researchers measured telomere length. Telomeres, the protein caps on the ends of human chromosomes, are markers of aging and overall health. Every time a cell replicates, a tiny bit of telomere is lost, so they get shorter with age. But they shrink faster in some people than in others, explains study author Larry Tucker, professor of exercise science at Brigham Young University.

“We know that, in general, people with shorter telomeres die sooner and are more likely to develop many of our chronic diseases,” says Tucker. “It's not perfect, but it's a very good index of biological aging.”"

Mais sobre o exercício retardar o envelhecimento (e os telómeros)

http://www.ibtimes.com/how-look-younger-active-lifestyle-exercise-slows-aging-process-older-women-health-2478928
Citando:
"This study, which was published in the American Association for the Advancement of Science's journal, was able to identify the specific molecule, called NRF1, responsible for maintaining telomeres. Exercise, spending 45 minutes on a stationary bicycle in this case, reportedly boosted the levels of NRF1 and kept the cells "younger."

ADVERTISEMENT

"Think about NRF1 like varnish on nails,” Decottignies told TIME Magazine. “You cannot change the nail, but you can change the varnish again and again. What you’re doing is refreshing and replacing the old section with new protective molecules at the telomeres.”"

Estar o dia todo sentado acelera o envelhecimento (afecta ADN)

Artigo com métricas quantitativas interessantes relativas aos telómeros (e crítico negativamente acerca da utilidade do estudo sobre estar sentado acelerar o envelhecimento do ADN):
http://www.nhs.uk/news/2017/01January/Pages/Sitting-down-all-day-may-accelerate-DNA-ageing.aspx


Citando:
"Telomeres are measured in the small sections of nucleic acids that make up DNA, known as base pairs. 
Among women in the study who did less than about 40 minutes of physical activity a day, those who sat longest had shorter telomeres by an average 170 base pairs.
The researchers say telomeres shorten at a rate of 21 base pairs a year – using a rough "back of a fag packet" calculation, 170 equals about eight years.
Sitting time did not seem linked to telomere length for women who did at least 30 minutes of physical activity a day."

Acne e longevidade?

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/09/28/acne-sufferers-live-longer--research-suggests/
Citando:
"Experts had already noted that signs of ageing such as wrinkles and thinning skin often appear much later in people who have experienced acne.
Now, scientists believe they may have discovered why.
A study of white blood cells taken from individuals affected by spots showed they had longer protective caps on the ends of their chromosomes.
Called telomeres, the caps can be compared with the plastic tips that stop shoe laces becoming frayed.
They help prevent the chromosomes, packages of DNA, deteriorating and fusing with their neighbours during cell division.
Telomeres shrink over time and are closely linked to biological ageing - people with long telomeres age more slowly than people with short ones."






The new research shows that acne sufferers tend to have significantly longer telomeres and may therefore be blessed with the gift of long-lasting youthfulness.

O teste que nos diz quanto vamos viver

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/the-163400-test-that-tells-you-how-long-youll-live-2284639.html
Citando:
"A blood test that can show how fast someone is ageing – and offers the tantalising possibility of estimating how long they have left to live – is to go on sale to the general public in Britain later this year." (~500€)