Linhas orientadoras de consumo de álcool no RU explicadas

A percepção dos efeitos do álcool mudou muito em 20 anos e o RU alterou radicalmente as suas linha orientadoras de consumo (em Janeiro de 2016) para 14 volumes de álcool por semana, uma das mais restritivas na Europa. Detalhes da decisão e das quantidades recomendadas:
http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35252650
Citando:
"The review found that the benefits of alcohol for heart health only apply for women aged 55 and over - and even then it's in very small amounts, around five units a week.
The guidelines say: "There is no justification for recommending drinking on health grounds - nor for starting drinking for health reasons."
It also says that evidence in support for drinking alcohol in small amounts to maintain good health was "weaker than it was at the time of 1995"."
(...)

Is there a safe drinking level?


No. The new recommendations are at pains to point out that these guidelines are not for "safe" drinking, but rather just at minimising risk of illness.
All alcohol consumption carries some risk, the guidance says.
"The vast majority of the population can reduce health risks further if they reduce drinking below the guideline levels, or do not drink at all," the guidance says.
Drinking above the new recommended 14 units a week is the point at which a person's risk of an early death increases by 1% - the equivalent amount of risk as driving a car."




PS. Muito interessante a tabela com os limites de diversos países (Espanha, 38; RU, 14). Se a ciência e investigação é a mesma, porque é que não há consenso nos limites, nem sequer na Europa?

Quanto tempo esperar depois de beber para conduzir?

Mais um artigo sobre o tema do álcool (e que indica o valor médio de um volume por hora de álcool processado e o maximo de 14 volumes por semana - no RU que tem o problema do binge drinking):


http://m.derbytelegraph.co.uk/how-long-is-it-safe-to-drive-after-drinking-alcohol-the-night-before/story-29940165-detail/story.html


Citando:
"How many units does a drink contain?
There is still confusion over this, but the NHS says there is roughly:
175ml glass of wine of average strength (12%) - 2.1 units
250ml glass of wine of average strength (12%) - 3 units
One pint of low-strength lager, beer or cider (3.6%) - 2 units
One pint of high-strength lager, beer or cider (5.2%) - 3 units
One single measure of spirits - 1 unit



How much alcohol is it safe to drink each week?

The Chief Medical Officers' (CMO) guideline for both men and women states that:
•To keep health risks from alcohol to a low level it is safest not to drink more than 14 units a week on a regular basis
•If you regularly drink as much as 14 units per week, it's best to spread your drinking evenly over three or more days. "
"

Efeitos do consumo exagerado de álcool no corpo

Alguns efeitos recordados (sono, pele, fígado, cérebro, ...) e informação sobre o processamento do álcool pelo fígado (1 volume por hora aprox.; 1 garrafa vinho tem aprox. 10 volumes/units):
http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/body/health/news/a48302/what-happens-to-body-heavy-drinking/
Citando:
"But here are the downsides: you end up getting drunk quicker, and it just masks the hangover, it doesn't take it away.
"It takes us an hour to metabolise one unit of alcohol," the doctor reminds us. So if you were drinking until 2am and had along the lines of a bottle and a half of wine - roughly 15 units - that will take 15 hours to completely remove itself from your system. If you start drinking again the next day, your body hasn't even finished metabolising last night's alcohol before it can start on the new influx, so you get drunk quicker.
"Your body is feeling bad for a reason. Listen to your body," says Dr O'Brien. Words of wisdom."

O álcool e as calorias

Artigo interessante com alguma informação das calorias médias de bebidas comuns e a necessidade de inclusão dessa informação nos rótulos para maior consciencialização de quem bebe:

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35211341


Citando:
"The LGA says calories from alcohol are classed as "empty calories", with no nutritional value, and by drinking alcohol, the amount of fat the body burns for energy is reduced. "
(...)
"It also says a pint of cider at 4.5% has 216 calories and is the equivalent to three-quarters of a burger, while a single spirit at 40% is 61 calories or an eighth of a burger.
Over 24 hours, drinking five pints of beer at 4% strength is the equivalent to eating more than three burgers. A bottle of wine - about four small 175 ml glasses - has the same calorie count as more than two burgers, the association says."


@2012-12-20: Remoção dos 50 vol. e quotes

Unidades de álcool recomendadas por pessoa

Todos já ouvimos falar que uma bebida por dia para as senhoras poderá fazer bem à saúde e duas no caso dos homens (mais uma grande vantagem em ser homem).

Mas não podem ser 5 em vez de 4? E que bebidas? O valor exacto (se quisermos confiar que o limite está bem calculado pelas entidades competentes) depende do grau alcóolico da bebida em questão e do peso e género da pessoa. Grosso modo será dois copos de vinho (mas de graduação normal, nada de vinhos com 14, 15º) e quatro finos (20cl) para os homens.


Para quem quiser saber mais sobre
os níveis máximos de consumo de álcool por dia / por pessoa:
- http://pdg.estiga.com/limites-de-seguranca-recomendadas-de-alcool
- http://pt.wikihow.com/Limitar-o-Consumo-de-%C3%81lcool-ao-Limite-Recomendado-por-Dia

Relação com assinatura genética:
- http://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/306302/um-copo-de-vinho-por-dia-faz-bem-depende

The shocking extent of middle-class drinking revealed | Daily Mail Online

The shocking extent of middle-class drinking revealed | Daily Mail Online

Resumidamente:
Os números (muito interessantes) do consumo de álcool no Reino Unido.

Citando:
"High-earning men are FIVE times more likely to consume harmful levels of alcohol each week than those with lowest income:
- 27% of men and 23% of women on high incomes drink harmful levels
- This compares to 5% of men and 12% of women who earn the least
- More people on low incomes had not drank any alcohol in the last year
- 5% of men admitting drinking over 50 units a week - more than double the recommended levels"

Calorias e Volumes de Álcool - Deco

Artigo muito interessante sobre as calorias e os volumes de álcool nas bebidas alcoólicas mais comuns:
http://www.deco.proteste.pt/saude/emagrecer/dicas/alcool-conheca-as-bebidas-mais-caloricas

Sumário: